M'moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku komanso mafakitale osawerengeka, timakhala ozunguliridwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena zitsulo. Kuchokera pa ma skeys otalika omwe amaonetsa mizinda yathu kupita ku magalimoto omwe timayendetsa ndi zitini zomwe zimagwira zakumwa zomwe timakonda, zinthu ziwiri izi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Koma zikafika posankha pakati pa chitsulo ndi aluminiyamu pazogwiritsa ntchito, lingaliro limatha kukhala kutali ndi molunjika. Tiyeni tipeze zambiri zofufuza mwatsatanetsatane kuti tidziwe zomwe zingakhale bwino zofunikira paziso zosiyanasiyana.
Zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu: mawu oyamba
Chitsulo
Zitsulo ndi cholembera makamaka chopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi kaboni. Zokhudza Miboni, zimachokera ku 0,2% mpaka 2.1% mwa kulemera, zimakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe ake.Pali mitundu yambiri ya chitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo cha kaboni, chimadziwika ndi mphamvu ndi kuwoneka bwino. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ndi kupanga. Alloy chitsulo, ali ndi zinthu zina ngati manganese, chromium, kapena nickel owonjezeredwa kuti apititsetse zinthu zina monga kuuma, kulimba, kapena kukana, kapena kukana. Ganizirani za kulimba mtima i - mitengo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga kapena yopanda mawonekedwe - ziwiya zachitsulo kukhitchini yanu - izi ndi zinthu zonse za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Chiwaya
Aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo chopepuka chomwe chizikhala padziko lapansi kutumphuka kwadziko lapansi. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu bautete ore ndipo amafunikira mphamvu yayikulu kuti ichotse.Aluminiyamu mu mawonekedwe ake oyera ndi ofewa, koma atayandikana ndi zinthu ngati mkuwa, magnesium, kapena zinki, zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri. Aluminiyam aluminiyam wamba amaphatikizapo 6061, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu General - Zolinga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zigawo zamagetsi ndi 7075, zimadziwika chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Awesteros. Kuyang'ana pozungulira, ndipo muwona aluminiyamu tsiku ndi tsiku monga zakumwa zamanja, mafelemu a zenera, komanso ngakhale okwanira - pamagetsi - pamagetsi omaliza.
Chiwonetsero chathupi
Kukula
Chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri pakati pa chitsulo ndi ziphuphu ndi kachulukidwe kawo. Zitsulo zimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa magalamu 7.85 pa cubimita. Mosiyana ndi izi, kachulukidwe ka muluminiyam ndi pafupifupi 2.7 magalamu pa cubimeter ya cubimemeter. Kusiyana kwakukulu kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti aluminium ambiri. Pakugulitsa mavidiyo, mwachitsanzo, kilogalamu iliyonse yochepetsera kuchepetsa thupi imatha kuyambitsa mafuta ambiri pa ndege ya ndege. Ndi chifukwa chake aluminiyamu ndi chinthu chosankha pomanga matupi ndi mapiko. Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito komwe sikulemetsa, komanso kukhazikika chifukwa cha misa zimafunikira, monga mitundu ina ya makina opanga mafakitale kapena maziko a chitsulo cha zitsulo chitha kukhala mwayi.
Mphamvu
Zitsulo zimadziwika bwino chifukwa champhamvu zake. Zokwera - chitsulo cha carbon ndi alloy zitha kukwaniritsa mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri, zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino pofunsira komwe kukhulupirika kwa ziwonetsero zowawa kumakhala kofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, milatho yolumikizidwa yomwe imang'ambika mitsinje yambiri imadalira zingwe zachitsulo ndikumalimbana ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi mphamvu. Komabe, aluminiyam emos, komabe, nawonso achita nawo nkhondo. Ena okwera - olimba aluminiyam ovalo, monga omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Aweslossece, amatha kupikisana nawo mphamvu - kuti - vavio ya zitsulo zina. Mu makampani ogulitsa magalimoto, aluminiyamu akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mapangidwe a thupi kuti achepetse kulemera kwinaku akupitilizabe njira zotetezeka, monga kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito njira za ukadaulo, monga ukadaulo wa Alloy wasintha mphamvu zake.
Zamakhalidwe
Pankhani ya zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, zitsulo za aluminiyamu. Aluminiyamu ndi wogwira bwino ntchito zamagetsi, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza mizere yamagetsi. Zimakhala bwino pakati pa moyo ndi ndalama zake, makamaka poyerekeza ndi zomwe adachita zokwera mtengo ngati mkuwa. Pazinthu zamafuta, mphamvu za aluminiyamu posankha kutentha msanga zimapangitsa kuti zisakhale chisankho chodziwika bwino pazinthu zamagetsi. Mwachitsanzo, zipsepse zozizira pakompyuta ya kompyuta nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu a aluya kuti muchepetse kutentha komanso kupewa kutentha. Zitsulo, ngakhale zimatha kusintha magetsi komanso kutentha, zimatero pamlingo wotsika, ndikupangitsa kuti ziziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito komwe kuchita bwino ndikofunikira.
Mankhwala Othandizira: Kuyang'anitsitsa
Kutsutsa
Zitsulo zimakhala ndi zidendene za achulles zikafika ku kuturuka. Pamaso pa okosijeni ndi chinyezi, zitsulo mosavuta zimasiyidwa makutidwe, ndikupanga dzimbiri. Izi zitha kufooketsa kapangidwe kake. Pofuna kuthana ndi izi, njira zosiyanasiyana zoteteza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga kupaka utoto, kuchitira zithunzi (kuyanjana ndi zinc), kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Eluminium, mbali inayo, ili ndi mwayi wachilengedwe. Tikaonekera pamlengalenga, imapanga zowonda, zopyapyala kwa oxisi pamwamba pake. Uwu wotsekera uwu umakhala ngati chotchinga, kupewa oxidation ndi kututa. Izi zimapangitsa aluminium kwambiri oyenera ntchito zakunja, monga m'magawo a m'mphepete momwe mpweya wamchere umatha kuwononga. Mwachitsanzo, mipanda ya aluminiyamu ndi mipando yakunja imatha kupirira zaka zokhudzana ndi zinthu zopanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu.
Kutengeka kwa mankhwala
Aluminium ndi chitsulo chophatikizira. Munthawi zina, imatha kuchita zinthu mwamphamvu, makamaka ndi acid. Komabe, otetezera osungira anthu omwe amakhala pamwamba pa zinthu amakhala pansi pa zinthu zomwe amalephera kuchita zambiri. Mu njira zina zama mafakitale, kukhazikitsidwa kwa aluminiyamu kumatha kumenyedwa. Mwachitsanzo, popanga mankhwala ena, aluminiyamu amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wothandizira wothandizira. Zitsulo, poyerekeza, sizimachitika kwenikweni pamavuto wamba. Koma kwambiri - kutentha kapena madera ambiri acidic / oyambira, amatha kusintha mankhwala omwe angakhudze kukhulupirika kwake. Mwachitsanzo, muzomera zina za mankhwala, magulu apadera azitsulo amafunikira kukana zowononga zovuta zamankhwala.
Kuyerekezera kwa magwiridwe antchito
Kupanga ndi kukonza
Chitsulo chimapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira. Kuletsedwa ndi njira yofala yomwe chitsulo imawotchera ndikupanga mphamvu zopondereza.Izi ndizabwino pakupanga zigawo zolimba komanso zovuta, ngati ma crankshafts mu injini. Kugubuduza ndi njira ina pomwe zitsulo zimadutsa kudzera mu ogudubuza kuti apange ma sheet, mbale, kapena mbiri zosiyanasiyana. Makampani ogulitsa pamagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito stamping, mtundu wa njira yopanga kuzizira, kuti apange mapanelo amthupi agalimoto kuchokera pama sheet. Aluminium nawonso amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu ndipo amatha kupangidwa mosavuta. Kulefuka ndi njira yotchuka ya aluminiyamu, pomwe chitsulo chimakakamizidwa kudzera mu dia kuti pakhale mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso ofanana. Umu ndi momwe mafelemu anyani aluminium amapangidwira. Kuwononga kwambiri kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri kwa aluminiyamu, kumapangitsa kupanga kwa zigawo zamitundu, monga momwe injini imayendera m'magalimoto ambiri amakono.
Kugwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito
Kutentha kwa zitsulo kumatha kukhala njira yovuta. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitsulo imafuna njira zowonera ndi zinthu zofananira. Mwachitsanzo, zitsulo za kaboni zitha kuphatikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ngati ma arc yowuzira, koma mosamala ziyenera kutengedwa kuti zithetse mavuto monga hyderon, zomwe zingafooketse cholumikizira. Chifukwa cha zinthu zokongola, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zingafune ma electrodis apadera kuti muwonetsetse zodziwika bwino komanso zosagonjetsedwa. Kumbali inayo, kuwotcherera kwa aluminum kumawonetsa zovuta zake. Aluminiyamu ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, kutanthauza kuti amachepetsa kutentha msanga panthawi yotentha. Izi zimafuna zotengera zapamwamba komanso zida zapadera zotentha, monga ma tungesten bamba (Tig) yotentha kapena yachitsulo. Komanso, kusanjikiza kwa oxide pa aluminiyamu kumafunika kuchotsedwa musanalowerere mgwirizano woyenera.
Maganizo
Mtengo waiwisi
Mtengo wa chitsulo umakhazikika. Odzor ice, zinthu zazikulu zopanga zitsulo, ndizochulukirapo m'maiko ambiri. Mtengo wa migodi ndikukonzekera chitsulo ore, pamodzi ndi njira yosavuta yosinthira ija kukhala yachitsulo, imathandizira kuopa kwake. Komabe, aluminiyamu ali ndi njira yovuta kwambiri komanso yovuta kwambiri. A Bauxite ore ayenera kutsukidwa kukhala alumuna, kenako electrolysis amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa aluminium. Chofunikira chachikulu ichi, komanso mtengo wa migodi ndikuyenga bauxite, nthawi zambiri imapangitsa mtengo wazomera wa aluminium kuposa chitsulo.
Kukonza mtengo
Njira zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zokhazikitsidwa ndi zitsulo zimatanthawuza kuti, nthawi zambiri, mtengo wosinthira ukhoza kukhala wotsika kwambiri, makamaka pakupanga kwakukulu. Komabe, ngati mawonekedwe ovuta kapena makina ofunikira kwambiri amafunikira, mtengo wake ungawonjezeke kwambiri. Munjira zina, ma processinemu akulunjika amatha kukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri. Ngakhale ndizosavuta kupanga mawonekedwe ovuta, kufunikira kwa zida zapadera zopangira njira monga poyambira komanso zovuta za kuwotchera kumatha kuyendetsa mtengo wake. Mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa mzere wopitilira aluminiyamu kumafuna ndalama zambiri mu zida ndi zida.
Kuwunika kwa mtengo
Mukamaganizira mtengo wonse, sikuti ndi ndalama zogwirizira ndi zowongolera. Zofunikira kwa moyo ndi kukonza zinthu zomaliza zimathandizanso. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe achitsulo angafunikire kupaka utoto ndi kukonzanso kuti muchepetse kututa, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wa nthawi yayitali. Kupanga kwa aluminium, ndikutsutsana naye bwino, atha kukhala ndi ndalama zotsika pakapita nthawi. M'mapulogalamu ena, monga kumanga kwa nyumba yayikulu ya mafakitale, zinthu zotsika ndi kukonza mtengo wa chitsulo zitha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zotsika mtengo. Nthawi zina, monga popanga ma elekitikiti othamanga kwambiri, pomwe opepuka owoneka bwino ndi owoneka bwino a aluminim amalungamitsa mtengo wokwera mtengo, aluminiyamu akhoza kusankha zomwe mukufuna.
Ntchito zosiyanasiyana
Gawo Lomanga
M'makampani omanga, zitsulo ndizofunikira. Mphamvu zake zazikulu ndi zolemetsa zolemetsa zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika popanga mafelemu a skiscrapper ndi nyumba zazikulu zamalonda. Mawonekedwe a chitsulo ndi mizata amatha kuchiza kulemera kwakukulu, kulola kumanga kwa nyumba zazitali komanso zotseguka. Bridilo limadaliranso zitsulo. Mitu yoyimitsidwa, yokhala ndi mabeke awo aatali, gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zitsulo ndi kumasuka kugawa katunduyo. M'malo mwake, aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongola komanso zopepuka. Aluminiyamu Windows ndi zitseko ndi zotchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo amakono, mphamvu mphamvu zawo, komanso kukana kutukuka. Makoma otchinga aluminium amatha kupereka nyumba zowoneka bwino komanso zamakono ndikuwonekanso zopepuka, kuchepetsa katundu pazinthu zomangamanga.
Makampani Oyendetsa Magalimoto
Zitsulo zakhala zinthu zakale kwambiri pamakampani agalimoto. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chassis, mafelemu a thupi, ndi zigawo zambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti zitetezeke. Komabe, pamene makampaniwo amasunthira kumayendedwe abwino owonjezera mafuta, aluminium akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Aluminiyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini zamagetsi, zomwe zimachepetsa kulemera kwa injini ndipo, kenako, kukonza mafuta. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'manerale a thupi kuti muchepetse kulemera konse kwa galimotoyo osapereka chitetezo, monga ma aluminium amakono omwe amapereka mphamvu zofunikira.
Aerospace munda
Zitsulo zakhala zinthu zakale kwambiri pamakampani agalimoto. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chassis, mafelemu a thupi, ndi zigawo zambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti zitetezeke. Komabe, pamene makampaniwo amasunthira kumayendedwe abwino owonjezera mafuta, aluminium akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Aluminiyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini zamagetsi, zomwe zimachepetsa kulemera kwa injini ndipo, kenako, kukonza mafuta. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'manerale a thupi kuti muchepetse kulemera konse kwa galimotoyo osapereka chitetezo, monga ma aluminium amakono omwe amapereka mphamvu zofunikira.
Tsiku lililonse Gwiritsani ntchito gawo lazinthu
M'moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri timakumana ndi zitsulo zonse ziwiri komanso zinthu za aluminium. Zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mphepete mwa khitchini, pomwe kuuma kwake ndi malire ake kumayamikiridwa kwambiri. Mipando yopangidwa ndi chitsulo, monga mipando yachitsulo ndi matebulo, zimatha kukhala zolimba komanso zolimba. Kumbali inayi, aluminiyamu amatha kupezeka mu zinthu ngati zopepuka zonunkhira, zomwe zimatentha mwachangu ngakhale. Zida zamagetsi, monga ma laptops ndi mapiritsi, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi milandu ya aluminium chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo owoneka bwino, kapangidwe kake kopepuka, komanso kutentha kwabwino.
Kusankha Zoyenera
Kusankha malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna
Ngati mukufuna zinthu ndi kulimba kwambiri komanso kuuma kwa kapangidwe ka katundu, zitsulo mwina ndizabwino. Mwachitsanzo, m'gulu lalikulu la mafakitale pomwe makina olemera adzasungidwa, mitengo yachitsulo imatha kupereka chithandizo chofunikira. Komabe, ngati kuchepetsedwa ndi kulemera kwake ndikofunikira kwambiri, monga chipangizo chamagetsi chonyamula kapena galimoto yothamanga, aluminium amapangitsa kuti zikhale zosankha zabwino kwambiri. Pankhani ya moyo, ngati mukugwira ntchito yamagetsi kapena yamagetsi, aluminium iyenera kuganizira koyamba.
Kusankha malinga ndi bajeti yamatumbo
Kwa ntchito zomwe zili ndi bajeti zochepa, zitsulo zitha kukhala chisankho chachuma chochulukirapo, makamaka kuganizira mtengo wake wotsika mtengo ndipo nthawi zambiri amataya mtengo wotsika mtengo. Komabe, ngati mungakwanitse kugula mtengo wokwera ndipo akufuna kusunga ndalama kwa nthawi yayitali malinga ndi kukonza ndi kugwira ntchito, aluminium akhoza kukhala ndalama zopindulitsa. Mwachitsanzo, m'mphepete mwa nyanja komwe kuphatikizika ndi nkhawa yayikulu, kapangidwe ka aluminiyam kungawononge ndalama poyamba koma kudzapulumutsa ndalama nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha kukana kwake kwa kuturuka kwamphamvu kwambiri.
Kusankha malinga ndi zochitika zofunsira
M'mapulogalamu apanja, makamaka m'madera ovuta, kuwonongeka kwa aluminiyamu kumawapatsa mwayi. Mwachitsanzo, siginese ya kunja kapena mitengo yopepuka yopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu imakhala yopanda dzimbiri. M'mabuku otentha kwambiri mafakitale, monga mu chitsulo chowoneka bwino kapena chomera chomera boiler, chipewa cha zitsulo chopirira kutentha kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zizitha kuziyika zinthu zomwe amakonda.
Pomaliza, funso lakale la zaka ngati chitsulo kapena aluminiyamu ndi bwino lomwe silikhala ndi yankho laponseponse. Zipangizo zonse zili ndi mawonekedwe awo okhala ndi zinthu, zabwino, komanso zovuta zina. Mwa kuganizira mosamala zofunikira za polojekiti yanu, kaya ndi magwiridwe antchito, mtengo, kapenanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira, mutha kusankha mwanzeru. Tikufuna kumva za zomwe mwakumana nazo posankha pakati pa chitsulo ndi aluminiyamu. Chonde gawani malingaliro anu mu ndemanga pansipa!
Post Nthawi: Feb-17-2025
