1. Kukumba ndi Kusungunula Aluminium: Kuchokera ku Ore kupita ku Chitsulo
Kupanga aluminiyamu kumayamba ndikukumba miyala yake yayikulu, bauxite. Bauxite, yochuluka padziko lonse lapansi, imapanga njira yovuta yochotsa mankhwala kuti ipange alumina, yomwe imasungunuka kuti ipange zitsulo za aluminiyamu kupyolera mu kuchepetsa electrolytic. Njirayi ndi yopatsa mphamvu kwambiri ndipo imatulutsa mpweya wina wa carbon, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aluminiyamu ikhale yovuta kwambiri potengera zachilengedwe ndi mphamvu zamagetsi.
Pakati pa opanga ma aluminiyamu otsogola padziko lonse lapansi,Rio Tintondipo Alcoa amawonekera. Rio Tinto, likulu lake ku UK ndi Australia, ndi imodzi mwa makampani akuluakulu amigodi padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndi mpainiya pakupanga aluminiyamu ya carbon yochepa. Alcoa, yomwe ili ku US, yakhala mtsogoleri pazatsopano za aluminiyumu ndi zoyesayesa zokhazikika, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu pakupanga kwake. Makampani onsewa amatenga gawo lalikulu pakuwonetsetsa kuti aluminiyumu yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, yomwe imapindulitsa mafakitale monga kupanga ma aluminiyamu.
Mochulukirachulukira, opanga aluminiyamu akuyang'ana kwambiri kupanga aluminiyamu wobiriwira pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso kuti achepetse kutulutsa mpweya. Aluminiyamu imatha kubwezeredwanso kwambiri, ndipo aluminiyumu yosinthidwanso imagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 5% ya mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira popanga choyambirira. Mchitidwe wa aluminiyumu wobwezeretsedwa ukuyamba kukulirakulira m'makampani, zomwe zikuwonetsa chitukuko chabwino kwa ogula osamala zachilengedwe.
2. Kukonzekera kwa Aluminium: Kupanga Mawonekedwe Apadera a Aluminium ndi Katundu
Ma aluminiyamu akapangidwa, amatumizidwa kumalo opangira zinthu kuti akapitirire, kutulutsa, ndi njira zina zochizira, kuwapanga kukhala mapepala, makole, kapena mbiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kosiyanasiyana kwa milandu ya aluminiyamu kumafunikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida za aluminiyamu: milandu yopepuka imatha kuyika patsogolo kuwonda, pomwe zoteteza zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito aluminiyumu yokulirapo kuti ikhale yolimba.
Ena mwa mapurosesa apamwamba kwambiri a aluminiyumu padziko lapansi akuphatikizapoHydro, Chalco,ndiZolemba. Hydro, kampani yaku Norway, imalemekezedwa chifukwa chodzipereka ku mayankho okhazikika a aluminiyamu ndipo imayang'ana kwambiri kupanga aluminiyumu yapamwamba kwambiri yogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Chalco (China Aluminium Corporation) ndiwopanga wamkulu waku China yemwe amadziwika ndi ntchito zake zokulirapo za aluminiyamu, kuphatikiza migodi, kukonza, ndi kukonzanso. Novelis, mtsogoleri wochokera ku US pakupanga zinthu za aluminiyumu, amayang'ana kwambiri pakubwezeretsanso, zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale zopangira zopangira aluminium zapamwamba kwambiri zamafakitale monga magalimoto, kulongedza, ndi ntchito zapadera, monga milandu ya aluminiyamu.
Thandizo lapamtunda ndilofunikanso panthawiyi. Aluminiyamu ya anodizing sikuti imangowonjezera kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso imapangitsa mawonekedwe ake, kupereka mitundu yambiri komanso zowala. Zambiri zogwirira ntchitozi zimakhudza kwambiri mtundu womaliza komanso nthawi yayitali yamilandu ya aluminiyamu.
3. Momwe Aluminium Quality ndi Mtengo Zimakhudzira Mitengo ya Mlandu
Monga ogula, kumvetsetsa kupanga ndi kukonza ma aluminiyamu kumatithandiza kuyamikira mtengo wazitsulo za aluminiyamu, komanso kumatithandiza kupanga zisankho zambiri pogula. Mwachitsanzo, kusankha mitundu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu yotsimikizika yobwezerezedwanso kapena zida zapamwamba sizimangotsimikizira kuti chinthu chapamwamba komanso chimathandizira kupanga moyenera zachilengedwe.
M'mapangidwe amtengo wamilandu ya aluminiyamu, zida za aluminiyamu zimayimira gawo lalikulu. Kusinthasintha kwamitengo ya aluminiyamu kumakhudza mwachindunji mtengo wamsika wamilandu ya aluminiyamu. Mwachitsanzo, mitengo ya aluminiyamu yapadziko lonse lapansi imatha kukwera kwambiri chifukwa cha kusintha komwe kumafunikira kapena kusintha kwamitengo yamagetsi, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri opanga milandu omwe amadalira aluminiyumu yapamwamba kwambiri. Kusasinthika kwamitengo kumeneku kumakhudzanso ogula.
4. Zochitika Zamtsogolo: Zobiriwira, Zopepuka
Monga ogula, kumvetsetsa kupanga ndi kukonza ma aluminiyamu kumatithandiza kuyamikira mtengo wazitsulo za aluminiyamu, komanso kumatithandiza kupanga zisankho zambiri pogula. Mwachitsanzo, kusankha mitundu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu yotsimikizika yobwezerezedwanso kapena zida zapamwamba sizimangotsimikizira kuti chinthu chapamwamba komanso chimathandizira kupanga moyenera zachilengedwe.
M'mapangidwe amtengo wamilandu ya aluminiyamu, zida za aluminiyamu zimayimira gawo lalikulu. Kusinthasintha kwamitengo ya aluminiyamu kumakhudza mwachindunji mtengo wamsika wamilandu ya aluminiyamu. Mwachitsanzo, mitengo ya aluminiyamu yapadziko lonse lapansi imatha kukwera kwambiri chifukwa cha kusintha komwe kumafunikira kapena kusintha kwamitengo yamagetsi, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri opanga milandu omwe amadalira aluminiyumu yapamwamba kwambiri. Kusasinthika kwamitengo kumeneku kumakhudzanso ogula.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-08-2024
